To Kaitohutohu Taakuta

Ko to Kaitohutohu te mea nui ki te whakamahi i te nuinga o to Ph.D. matauranga. Ko tenei whakairinga e whakaatu ana me pehea te rapu i tetahi kaitohutohu tino pai ana, e tino whai kiko ana hoki mo te whanaungatanga.

1. Hei mahi tuatahi, ka tūtohu ahau kia kowhihia e koe to kaupapa rangahau. Kei te rapu haere i te wa kua tae atu koe ki to Ph.D. Ka taea e te hotaka te whakaroa i te roa o to kura, ka whakaekea kia kore koe e mohio ki tetahi mea, he mea nui ki te whai mahi, aa, ka ngoikore koe ki te hopu kaupapa i runga i te kaupapa koretake: etahi kaupapa, he ahorangi ranei e pai ana koe, he tohunga ranei hei awhina i a koe puta tere ake.

I a koe ka kowhiri i tetahi tirohanga rangahau, he whakatau ke taau: Me kii koe i te morearea o te kore mahi ma te arotahi atu ki te putaiao-putaiao, ki te ariā pono, ki tetahi atu momo mahi-iti ranei? Kei te hiahia ranei koe ki te kowhiri i tetahi mea whaawhiwhi me te tahua? Hei tauira, i roto i te hinengaro, he teoretika, ko te whaainga-putaiao-matauranga te take hei whakakii i te mohio. I roto i nga tau tekau ki muri, tera pea ka kitea he poraka hanga nui mo te whakapai ake i te ora, engari mena kei CalTech koe, Princeton, MIT, me etahi atu, e mahi tika ana ki te taha o tetahi o nga rangatira o taua mara, he iti nei to tupono ki te whai oranga. . He nui ake o tumanakohanga mahi mena ka arotahi koe ki te whakamaori i nga rangahau matua ki tetahi huarahi whaihua ki te mate hinengaro noa penei i te autism, te pouri, te Alzheimer ranei, ahakoa kaore pea e ora katoa kia ea ra ano te mohio o te ptaiao matua.

2. Na te kaha tupono o Ph.D.s, he tino awhina mena ka taea e koe te haere ki tetahi whare wananga whai mana, ki tetahi mea ranei, i to waahi, ka toha moni moni rangahau. Ahakoa kaore i tua atu to papamuri, ma te huarahi e whai ake nei ka uru koe ki roto i tetahi kaupapa kaore koe e whakaaro ka uru mai koe. Heoi, whakaarohia kia whakaitihia o whiringa ki nga whare wananga i nga kaainga kaore koe e aro ki te noho, ehara i te mea kei te kura puta noa koe engari i muri. Na te mea ko nga hononga i honoa e koe i te kura paetahi tera pea ka noho ki taua whare wananga, ki te rohe ranei o tera rohe.

3. I roto i nga wananga o te whare wananga, tohua pea he ahorangi hawhe-tatini te hunga rangahau pea ka pai ki a koe te mahi. He mea nui na te mea ka aro nui atu koe me te awhina whakarewatanga mahi mena kei te awhina koe i a raatau rangahau.

Engari mena kei te whakaaro koe he ahorangi motuhake, ko te huarahi ki te kimi i nga mea e whaaia ana ko te toro atu ki te paetukutuku tari a era whare wananga me te taatai ​​i nga koiora a nga ahorangi, tae atu ki te whakamaarama o a raatau kaupapa rangahau.

4. A tuatapapa i tetahi tuhinga mo a raatau rangahau e ahua pai ana te taitara. (Ko ta raatau wharangi paetukutuku he tuhinga marautanga — he waa pai mo te whakahou — e whakariterite ana i a raatau panui. Mena kaore he hono ki to tuhinga i whiriwhiria, ko te rapu a Google ma te mea iti rawa atu te tuhinga, me nga kaari whare pukapuka a te whare wananga me kii koe te tuhinga katoa. Tuhia nga tuhinga, ina koa kia kotahi neke atu ranei nga "me maumahara" me tetahi neke atu ranei nga paatai ​​mohio mo te tuhinga.

5. Tuhia he imeera whakaaro nui ki te ahorangi, i roto i a koe e whakamarama ana, i a koe e rapu ana i nga kaupapa taakuta tika hei tono atu, i kitea e koe i a ia, i anaanuitia ana e a raatau rangahau, i te panui i te tuhinga X, i patua e (Whakauruhia tetahi atu ranei o o "mahi-maumahara"), he pākiki hoki ki ( Whakauruhia o paatai .) Whakamutua me tetahi penei, "Kei te whakaaro au mena ka korero maatau, i te waa o to tari, kia rongo au i to whakautu ki aku patai me te mohio mena he whakaaro nui taku ki te tono atu ki to kaupapa ka riro pea hei kaitohutohu mo koe. me / te kaiawhina rangahau ranei. "Mena he miharo to paetahi, mahi hitori ranei, whakauruhia he pararangi mo tera.

6. I tenei ra, ko te urupare noa ki te patai kaore i tonoa, aue, kaore he whakautu. Engari mena e kaha ana to reta, tera pea ka whakaae koe kia kotahi, kia rua ranei nga ahorangi e hiahia ki te korero ki a koe.

Ka tutaki ana koe, i muri i te mihi ki te ahorangi mo tana hiahia ki te korero ki a koe, tatari mo tetahi wa kia riro ma te ahorangi e whakahaere te korero. Mena kaore ia /, kaore pea koe ka tiimata, "Ka hiahia koe ki te whakaatu mai i etahi atu korero mo to rangahau kaore i te paetukutuku?" (Ko te nuinga o nga ahorangi he pai ki te korero mo a raatau rangahau.) I muri mai i nga korerorero, ka whakaahua pea koe (penei i te meneti kotahi) nga korero whakahirahira o to papamuri tera pea ka waiho koe hei kaitohutohu whaitake hei kaiawhina rangahau ranei mo taua ahorangi ka patai mena kei te whakaaro ia i reira. akene he pai.

Mena he waimarie koe, ka akiaki te ahorangi ki a koe ki te tono ki te kaupapa taakuta a taua umanga me te tuku hoki ki te tuhi reta tautoko. He maha nga ahorangi e hiahia ana ki te whai awhina (me te sycophantic) hei kaiawhina rangahau.

7. Ae, kei te aromatawaihia koe e te ahorangi i te wa e korerorero ana koe engari me aromatawai koe i a ia hei kaitohutohu pea: Me kii koe he kaiarahi pai mou, ana mena i mahi koe i to waahanga, ka toa koe i te whiwhi i to Ph.D. tere ka haere ki te maero atu hei awhina i a koe ki te whakarewa i to mahi? Kei te mohio koe ko te mahi i a raatau rangahau he mea nui ki a koe, he tino hiahia ka hiahia koe ki te rangahau me te tuhinga roa mai i to ahorangi?

Mo nga ahorangi e hiahia ana, me kii i te mutunga o nga korero me to tuhinga mihi, me tuhi e koe tae atu ki nga ahorangi kua whakatauhia e koe kaore i tino tika.

Te urunga ki roto

8. Akene ka hiahia koe ki te tono ki nga kaupapa maha noa atu i era e panui ana koe me te kaitohutohu. Na te mea, ahakoa ko te whakahau a te ahorangi me tana reta tautoko, kaore he tohu o te whakauru, engari me tuku rawa atu he awhina moni. Hei tauira, ma tetahi umanga koe e utu i nga utunga katoa ka whakawhiwhia koe e tetahi ki tetahi kaiwhakaako: he tere kore utu mo te wha tau me te utunga. Kaore hoki koe e kaha ki te whakawa i te mana o te umanga: I paopao ahau mai i te Whare Waananga o Colorado's Ph.D. he kaupapa whakangungu mo nga tau e wha i U.C. Berkeley's.

9. I roto i to tuhinga roa tono, mena i pai to taunekeneke me tetahi ahorangi i te umanga, me korero tonu. Engari ki tetahi keehi, maarama to tuhinga roa kei te tono koe i reira na te mea he pai te hotaka mo o maatauranga me o kaupapa mahi. Ano, kia mahara ko te Ph.D. he tohu ka whakangungu i nga kairangahau. Kia rite ki te pono, kia anga ke ki o hiahia rangahau. Mena he pono, kei te hiahia koe hei kaiwhakaako, whakaarohia kia whiwhi koe i tetahi tohu mahi, tākuta ranei, penei, i te hinengaro, he PsyD, i te matauranga he EdD, i nga tari pakihi, i te DBa, etc.

Te whakamahi i te nuinga o to kaitohutohu

10. Na kia mahara kua whakauruhia koe. I mua i te rehitatanga mo nga karaehe o to reanga tuatahi, ngana ki te hui tahi me to kaitohutohu, a kanohi ake. Me tiimata ma te tono aratohu ki te whakamahere mahere mahere, akene mo te kaupapa katoa, me te korerorero mo to mahi hei kaiawhina rangahau a te ahorangi. Ko te mea pai, ko te mahi ki te mahi i nga mahi nui ki a koe koina hoki te kaupapa o te rangahau a te ahorangi.

11. Kia kaha ki te whakauru i o akoranga, pepa, taakuta, me te tuhinga roa e pa ana. Ka mutu taau Ph.D. kia tere ake, kia whakawhanake i te tohungatanga hohonu e tika ana kia kiia koe he tohunga putea mo to mahi. Ka rite ki te nuinga o nga akonga taakuta, I he taku ki te tarai ki te ako iti mo nga mea maha. I whakaekea taua whakaarokore kia kore ahau e mohio ki tetahi mea, ka roa te wa i pau ai taku Ph.D. Kia maumahara, ko te whakangungu taakuta noa iho, ko te whakangungu, ko nga pepa me nga kaupapa he mahi whakangungu noa. Ko te tikanga he paari ki te aukati i te kopikopiko, me te whakapiri i te nuinga o o mahi.

12. Me hui tahi me to kaitohutohu ki te korero mo to ahunga whakamua me te whakatutuki i to maatauranga, mahi, me nga paatai ​​ano hoki a koe ake. Ana ka rite ki nga wa katoa, rapua nga huarahi hei awhina ki te ahorangi.

13. Whakaarohia te tono rangahau tuuturu me te ahorangi kaua ki te kowhiringa paanui: Ma tena ka taea e koe te whai akoranga takitahi me to kaitohutohu me to toa mo nga ra kei te heke mai mo tetahi kaupapa e matua ana ki to rangahau me te tohungatanga o te ahorangi.

14. Ae, anga atu ki te whakarite mo tetahi mahi rangahau engari, mena ka hiahia koe kia utua koe hei kaiwhakaako, akene he ahua mohio koe ki te mahi kaiako. Kia tutuki ai, ka tono pea koe hei kaiawhina kaiako, hei kaiako ranei i tetahi kaupapa. Ahakoa te nuinga o nga ahorangi, ina koa ko te hunga rangahau-rangahau, ehara i te kaiwhakaako nui, ko te nuinga o nga whare wananga he whare whakawhanake whanaketanga, e whakangungu ana i nga whakaakoranga me nga tirohanga muna o o whakaakoranga.

15. Ka tae ana ki te waa ki te kowhiri i to kaupapa tuhinga roa, akene he waa ki te piu mo nga taiapa, he mea e hihiko ai nga rangatira o nga rangatira ki te utu i a koe. I a koe e kohi ana i tetahi mea hei whakahaere, kowhihia tetahi mea hei arahi i te mara. Ae ra, he mea pai mena ka whai kiko to tuhinga roa ki te rangahau a to kaitohutohu. Ma teera e awhina i a koe ki te whakawhiwhi i te waa o to kaitohutohu, te tautoko, me te moni pea hei whakahaere i to rangahau, me te mahi tahi me taua ahorangi i roto i te haahi kounga kounga me te whakaatu i tetahi huihuinga, ko enei e rua he kaiwhakapai mahi.

16. I nga marama i mua i to whakaoti i to Ph.D., ko te tikanga, he waa ki te aro ki te toro i te umanga, mahi tahi i muri i te taakuta, he mahi ranei i roto i nga umanga takitahi, koretake, me te kawanatanga ranei. Inaianei, o tau kaihanga turanga me to kaitohutohu ka ea. Ko te mea tika, ka tohua koe e ia ki nga hitters taimaha tika. Ko te tikanga he nui ake i nga tuhinga katoa o te tiimatanga, he oro-reta, me nga reta tiwhikete hei tauira.

Te tangohanga

He pouri engari he pono i roto i nga tini mara, he maha ake nga Ph.D.s he pai ake i te Ph.D.-mahi taumata. Engari ko nga tohutohu a tenei tuhinga me piki ake to tupono ki te whiwhi i taku e whakaaro ai he mahi moemoea: ko te awhina ki te neke whakamua i tetahi mara nui me te akoako pono mo te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei.

Kei te hiahia ahau ki te mihi ki taku kaitohutohu taakuta a Michael Scriven mo tana awhina i a ia ki te whakarite i tenei tuhinga.

I panui au i tenei ki runga YouTube.